年上海市徐汇区高考二模英语试题

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.motiveB.deliberatelyC.convincedD.injurious

E.alertsF.desperatelyG.sweptH.accounts

I.unconsciousJ.preservingK.charging

WhyHumpbackWhales(座头鲸)ProtectOtherSpeciesfromKillerWhales

RobertPitman,amarineecologist,describesanencounterhewitnessedinAntarcticain.AgroupofkillerwhaleswereattackingaWeddellseal.Thesealswam___31___towardapairofhumpbacksthathadinsertedthemselvesintotheaction.Oneofthehumpbacksrolledoveronitsback,andthesealwas___32___ontoitschest,betweenthewhale’smassiveflippers(鳍).“Thatincident___33___me,”hesays.“Thosehumpbacksweredoingsomethingwecouldn’texplain.”

Pitmanstartedaskingotherresearchersandwhalewatcherstosendhimsimilar___34___.Soonhewasreadingthroughobservationsofencountersbetweenhumpbacksandkillerwhales,recordedover62years.“Therearesomeprettyastonishingvideosofhumpbacks___35___killerwhales,”hesays.

InaarticleinMarineMammalScience,afamousscientificjournal,Pitmanandhisco-authorsdescribethisbehaviourandconfirmthatsuchactsofdo-goodingarewidespread.Butknowingthatsomethingishappeningandunderstandingwhyit’shappeningaretwodifferentthings.Pitmanandhisco-authorsopenlyreflectedonthemeaningoftheseencounters.“Why,”theywrote,“wouldhumpbacks___36___interferewithattackingkillerwhales,spendingtimeandenergyonapotentially___37___activity,especiallywhenthekillerwhales…wereattackingotherspeciesofprey?”

Interestingly,humpbacksdon’tjusthitonkiller-whaleattacks.Theyracetowardthemlikefirefightersintoburningbuildings.Andlikethoserescueworkers,humpbacksdon’tknowwhoisindangeruntiltheygetthere.That’sbecausethesoundthat___38___themtoanattackisn’tthesadvoiceofthevictim.It’stheexcitedcallsofthekillerwhales.Pitmanbelieveshumpbackshaveonesimpleinstruction:“Whenyouhearkillerwhalesattacking,gobreakitup.”

Iwonderwhathumpbackwhalescaredeeplyenoughabouttoactivelyswimintobattlewithkillerwhales.WhenIaskPitman,hetellsmethat,itstill